Adobe Flash Player (2 files) - Version: 11.5.31.5
Shockwave Flash 11.5 r31
Name: Shockwave Flash
Description: Shockwave Flash 11.5 r31
Version: 11.5.31.5
Location: C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\23.0.1271.97\PepperFlash\pepflashplayer.dll
Type: PPAPI (out-of-process)
Disable
Name: Shockwave Flash
Description: Shockwave Flash 11.5 r502
Version: 11,5,502,135
Location: C:\Windows\SysWOW64\Macromed\Flash\NPSWF32_11_5_502_135.dll
Type: NPAPI
Disable
See where I had two that were active? I clicked 'Disable' under the first one, the one with the PepperFlash location, as that is Chrome's buggy flash plugin. The second one is actually the official one from Adobe and should be the one you use.
Once I disabled the PepperFlash version everything worked correctly.